Mohammad Saeid Kiani; Leila Nazari; Keivan Shabani Moghaddam
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between job interest and economic conditions with the social status of physical education teachers (Case study of Hamadan province). Method: The present study is a descriptive survey and field study. In order to ...
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between job interest and economic conditions with the social status of physical education teachers (Case study of Hamadan province). Method: The present study is a descriptive survey and field study. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. After confirming its validity by experts, the reliability was confirmed with the participation of 11 university professors, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.87. The research population consisted of 800 physical education teachers in Hamadan province. The statistical sample was estimated to be 367 people using Morgan table and finally 235 questionnaires were returned and examined. Research data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the mean of job interest components and economic factor in the sample with the average of the population. Conclusions: In other words, the interest of teachers is higher than average, and the economic factor and receiving high benefits have not led to the choice of teaching job.
Mohammad Saeid Kiani; Leila Nazari
Abstract
Purpose: The examination, investigating and relationship between costs, benefit and attachment to the environment by mediating behavioral attitudes among sports tourists. Method: The population of the study consisted of all sports spectators of 27th Fajr Open and Esteghlal vs. Tractor rematch from 15th ...
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Purpose: The examination, investigating and relationship between costs, benefit and attachment to the environment by mediating behavioral attitudes among sports tourists. Method: The population of the study consisted of all sports spectators of 27th Fajr Open and Esteghlal vs. Tractor rematch from 15th Persian Gulf Pro League. According to Kukran formula sample size was equal to 722 persons. 920 questionnaires distributed among population that 722 questionnaires were analyzed. In order to collect data a self-made questionnaire was used which it's validity confirmed by 5 sports teachers of Razi and Tehran university and variables reliability was calculated by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient which was equal to 0.89. Data analysis done by using the descriptive and inferential statistics include Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Pearson correlation, path analysis of structural equations, Regression and also AMOS-21 and SPSS-22. The results showed that environmental communication should be formed within the right framework, encourage people to Environmentally Responsible Behavior through a bonus is not necessarily effective and doesn't encourage sports spectator. Results: Result showed that spectators display more cooperation through targeting for enjoyment and are sensitive toward any perceived cost in the implementation of Environmentally Responsible Behavior. The result also showed if cooperation with Environmental Management System doesn't take too much time and totally doesn't interfere with their enjoyment of watching match, they will support it automatically. The results also suggest the need to design efficient equipment to ensure ease of use and as a result reducing the perceived cost associated with Environmentally Responsible Behavior. Conclusions: Sports event owners can encourage spectators to do the Environmentally Responsible Behavior by connecting with them and also induce this fact to spectators that associate with the event can assist them to experience higher quality events in the future.
Leila Nazari; Keivan Shabani Moghaddam
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between environmental knowledge and sport event organizers' support for sustainable management in sport. The present study is a descriptive-survey and field study. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire with 40 questions ...
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between environmental knowledge and sport event organizers' support for sustainable management in sport. The present study is a descriptive-survey and field study. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire with 40 questions was used. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a survey of professors related to the research topic. The construct validity was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis of more than 0.3 and its reliability was confirmed byCronbach's alpha of 0.83. The statistical population of the study consisted of managers and organizers of sport events in ten provinces of the country with approximately 1000 peope. The sample size was 278 according to Morgan table, Due to the size, number and difficulty of access, the available sampling method was used to collect the samples and finally 254 questionnaires were returned. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-19 software. The results showed that the level of environmental awareness in the sample was in the range of 0 to 8 and the mean of the total sample was 3.55 with a standard deviation of 1.61. These results indicate a low level of awareness of environmental issues in the sample under study. In the present study, it seems that there is little awareness of environmental issues that may be effective in shaping people's attitudes toward the intention to support environmental issues in sporting events. Since human attitudes are driven by consciousness, it is therefore necessary to change attitudes by providing a context for raising awareness and enabling appropriate behavior. Therefore, determining the level of knowledge and attitude of individuals is the first step in determining and delivering educational programs.
