Exercise Physiology
ahmad fasihi; nastaran zarezadeh
Abstract
AbstractBackground and purpose: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most important metabolic disorders that different societies are facing with increasing prevalence. Aerobic exercises are a common type of exercise that reduces the levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins and regulates blood pressure. ...
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AbstractBackground and purpose: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most important metabolic disorders that different societies are facing with increasing prevalence. Aerobic exercises are a common type of exercise that reduces the levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins and regulates blood pressure. The purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic training on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile in men with type 2 diabetes.Results: The results indicated that after 12 weeks of aerobic exercise, HbA1c (P=0/027), LDL-c (P=0/012) and fasting blood glucose (P=0/043) decreased significantly in the aerobic group. But no significant changes were observed in HDL-c and BMI. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that performing aerobic exercises leads to a decrease in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose and improvement in lipid profile, so it can probably be a useful way of treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetic patients.
Exercise Physiology
marefat siahkouhian; Bahman Ebrahimi
Abstract
AbstractBackgroude and Purpose: Training volume and intensity are the most important training components that typically vary in different training programs depending on the primary goal. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between volume and intensity of running to fatigue ...
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AbstractBackgroude and Purpose: Training volume and intensity are the most important training components that typically vary in different training programs depending on the primary goal. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between volume and intensity of running to fatigue in middle-aged men.Methodology: A number of 24 middle-aged of active men were selected as subjects with an age range of 40 to 55 years. Then, they ran individually in four separate sessions with an intensity of 70, 80, 90 and 100% of Maximum oxygen consumption with a minimum interval of 72 hours. Using non-linear regression, the relationship between exercise volume and intensity was analyzed.Findings: The findings showed that the inverse relationship between volume and intensity of treadmill running to exhaustion in active middle-aged men followed a nonlinear quadratic function.In this relationship, exercise intensity (independent variable) and exercise volume (dependent variable) were.The findings showed that the inverse relationship between volume and intensity of treadmill running to exhaustion in active middle-aged men followed a nonlinear quadratic function.In this relationship, exercise intensity (independent variable) and exercise volume (dependent variable) were.
Exercise Physiology
Sima Jalili; Reyhaneh Vahabidelshad; Ali Akbari; Ali Hosseini Fahraji
Abstract
Background: The plasticity of the pre-adolescent cardiovascular system in response to structured endurance training remains incompletely characterized. Swimming, a unique volume-load stimulus, may promote beneficial cardiac remodeling in children, but data are scarce. Objective: This study aimed to investigate ...
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Background: The plasticity of the pre-adolescent cardiovascular system in response to structured endurance training remains incompletely characterized. Swimming, a unique volume-load stimulus, may promote beneficial cardiac remodeling in children, but data are scarce. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-week swimming training program on cardiac structure and function in healthy, pre-adolescent boys.Methods: Echocardiographic assessments of cardiac structure (LV end-diastolic dimension [LVEDd], volume [LVEDV], mass [LV mass]) and function (stroke volume [LVSV], cardiac output [LVCO], ejection fraction [LVEF]) were performed pre- and post-intervention. Anthropometric and physiological data, including maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max), were also collected.Results: Adherence to the training was excellent (>95%). Resting heart rate decreased and estimated VO₂max increased significantly in the Exer group No significant within-group changes occurred in the CON group. Between-group analysis indicated a significant interaction effect for LVEF (p=0.044), though post-hoc analysis attributed this to a change within the SWIM group.Conclusion: A 12-week swimming training program induces significant, favorable adaptations in cardiac structure and function in pre-adolescent boys, characterized by eccentric remodeling and enhanced stroke volume.
Exercise Physiology
narges fasihi; Naser Behpour
Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of saffron extract on catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) antioxidants in young futsal players. Methods: 24 young male futsal players were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (12 people in each group). The ...
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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of saffron extract on catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) antioxidants in young futsal players. Methods: 24 young male futsal players were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (12 people in each group). The experimental group used 1500 mg of saffron supplement per day for seven days, while the control group received placebo Results: The results of the hockey study showed that immediately after the match in the experimental group, a significant increase in GPX levels (P=0.031) and a significant decrease in CAT levels (P=0.041) were observed, but this significance was not observed 30 minutes after the match. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be said that short-term consumption of saffron improves antioxidant defense in young male futsal players. Studies with long-term follow-up should be considered to confirm these findings.According to the results of this study, it can be said that short-term consumption of saffron improves antioxidant defense in young male futsal players. Studies with long-term follow-up should be considered to confirm these findings.
Exercise Physiology
Meisam Ghajari; Reyhaneh vahabidelshad
Abstract
Background and aim: Honey, a natural source of carbohydrates and bioactive compounds, possesses potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its efficacy in team-sport athletes remains underexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the acute effects of honey supplementation ...
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Background and aim: Honey, a natural source of carbohydrates and bioactive compounds, possesses potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its efficacy in team-sport athletes remains underexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the acute effects of honey supplementation on plasma CK and IL-6 concentrations following high-intensity incremental exercise in young male handball players. Methods: In a double-blind, semi-experimental design, 30 amateur young male handball players were randomly assigned to three groups (n=10 each): Honey Supplementation + High-Intensity Incremental Exercise (SUP+HIT), Placebo + High-Intensity Incremental Exercise (PL+HIT), and Honey Supplementation (SUP). Blood samples were collected at baseline, immediately after the exercise (HIT 1), and one hour post-exercise (HIT 2) to analyze CK and IL-6 levels. Results: At baseline, no significant differences existed between groups. The high-intensity incremental exercise provoked significant increases in both CK and IL-6 in the exercise groups. However, this response was significantly attenuated in the SUP+HIT group compared to the PL+HIT group. One hour post-exercise, the PL+HIT group showed increases of 62% in CK and 47% in IL-6, whereas the SUP+HIT group showed significantly lower increases of 32% and 27%, respectively (p < 0.001 between groups). The SUP group exhibited no significant increase in either biomarker. Conclusion: Honey supplementation effectively attenuates the acute rise in plasma CK and IL-6 following high-intensity exercise in handball players. These findings suggest that honey is a valuable nutritional intervention for reducing biochemical markers of muscle damage and inflammation, thereby potentially enhancing recovery in team-sport athletes.
Exercise Physiology
Naser Rostamzadeh; Saiwan Sirwan Mohamed
Abstract
Objective: Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are critical for somatic development, linear bone growth, and metabolic homeostasis in children. Physical activity, especially endurance training, plays a significant role in modulating these hormones. Therefore, the aim of this ...
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Objective: Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are critical for somatic development, linear bone growth, and metabolic homeostasis in children. Physical activity, especially endurance training, plays a significant role in modulating these hormones. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week endurance swimming training program on GH and IGF-1 levels in prepubertal children. Methods: The study involved 30 healthy children aged 9–11 years, randomly assigned to either a swimming group (15 children) or a control group (15 children). The swimming group participated in a structured 8-week training program, three times per week, with each session lasting 60 minutes. Results: The results revealed a significant increase in GH for the swimming group (from 17.4±0.9 to 22.9±1.1 ng/mL, p<0.001) compared to the control group (from 17.5±1.0 to 17.7±1.1 ng/mL, p=0.384). For IGF-1, the swimming group also showed a significant rise (from 212.3 ± 24.5 to 232.8±26.1 ng/mL, p=0.018), while the control group showed no significant change (p=0.413). Conclusion: The findings suggest that moderate-intensity endurance swimming can effectively stimulate the GH and IGF-1 axis in prepubertal children, independent of major anthropometric changes. These results support the inclusion of swimming as a safe and effective form of exercise to promote growth-related hormonal health in children.
Exercise Physiology
Dara Latif Saifalddin; Hiwa Ahmed Rahim
Abstract
Objective: Fibrinogen, D-dimer, and platelet count are key markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis, and their levels can indicate cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to investigate the effects of HIIT on fibrinogen, D-dimer, and platelet count in sedentary men, with the hypothesis that HIIT would reduce ...
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Objective: Fibrinogen, D-dimer, and platelet count are key markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis, and their levels can indicate cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to investigate the effects of HIIT on fibrinogen, D-dimer, and platelet count in sedentary men, with the hypothesis that HIIT would reduce thrombotic risk factors. Methods: A total of 24 healthy, sedentary Iranian men (aged 30-40 years) were randomly assigned to either a HIIT (n=12) or a control group (n=12). The HIIT group performed 10 weeks of HIIT, with 3 sessions per week, each consisting of 30 minutes alternating between 30 seconds of high-intensity exercise and 90 seconds of recovery. Blood samples were taken before and after the intervention to assess fibrinogen, D-dimer, and platelet count. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests and independent t-tests, with p-values <0.05 considered significant. Results: The HIIT group showed significant reductions in fibrinogen (p=0.025), D-dimer (p=0.032), and platelet count (p=0.041). Specifically, fibrinogen decreased from 292.5±38.4 mg/dL to 270.4±34.1 mg/dL, D-dimer from 0.72±0.10 µg/mL to 0.55±0.09 µg/mL, and platelet count from 238±31 × 10³/µL to 221±29 × 10³/µL. Conclusion: HIIT significantly reduced thrombotic risk markers in sedentary men, suggesting its potential to improve cardiovascular health by modulating coagulation and fibrinolysis. The observed effects highlight HIIT as an effective strategy for reducing cardiovascular risk factors, particularly in inactive populations. Further research with larger samples and diverse populations is needed to confirm these findings and explore long-term impacts.
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