Nahid Talebi; Seyd Zahra Haji Aqaei
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 12 week a selected aerobic exercise program on body composition, lipid profile, and working ability of employees involved overweight and obese. Method: In this semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design and control ...
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 12 week a selected aerobic exercise program on body composition, lipid profile, and working ability of employees involved overweight and obese. Method: In this semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design and control group, 65 overweight employees were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to exercise and control groups. Then aerobic exercise program three sessions per week and each session 65-50 minutes, was performed for 12 weeks for the experimental group. The control group did not have such an intervention. Body composition indices, workability index and, lipid profile were measured before and after the training protocol for both groups. Data were analyzed using the covariance test (ANCOVA). Results: The results showed that aerobic exercise significantly reduced body composition indices, including (fat percentage, body mass index, and waist to pelvic ratio) and total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) the exercise group compared with the control group. The levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and the ability to work index of the exercise group also increased (P <0.05). Conclusions: The results indicated that aerobic exercise could improve body composition, lipid profile and workability index, and prevented contracting chronic diseases, reducing their ability to work, and retiring early in overweight and obese employees.
Yahqub Badri Azrin; Sajjad Pashaie
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study has been to investigate the relationship between social factors and the promotion of women to management position in sport organizations in Iran. Method: Regarding the objective, this study is practical and regarding the method of implementation, ...
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Background: The aim of this study has been to investigate the relationship between social factors and the promotion of women to management position in sport organizations in Iran. Method: Regarding the objective, this study is practical and regarding the method of implementation, it is descriptive, the population of this research in 2021, includes all the staff of the Youth and Sports Office of West Azerbaijan of Iran up to 216 people. Using Morgan’s tables 136 subjects were selected through stratified random sampling as the sample. In order to collect data, the questionnaires of social factors of the promotion of women to management positions were used, the validity of which was confirmed by experts and its reliability was obtained to be 0.86 through Cronbach's alpha test. Results: The results indicate that there is a positive significant relationship between gender and gender discrimination and women’s promotion to the position of management in sport organizations. In addition, there is also a positive significant relationship between the elimination of conflict between work and family and also family support and women’s promotion to manage mint positions in sports organizations. Conclusions: However, it appears that women are still faced with gender equity issues in sports governance, athletic media representation, and perception in sports. Therefore, the field of sport management should continue to work towards a level of quality that truly treats women as equals, offers them equal opportunity, and permits them to feel equal in sport management and athletic participation.
Ehsan Asadollahi; Ahmad Nzari Torshizi; Reza Heydari; Ali Abrishami
Abstract
The spread of the corona virus has so far affected education and research in sport. The aim of this study was to investigating the effects of Covod-19 outbreak on Educational and research processes in sports. The present study is an applied research in terms of nature and from ...
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The spread of the corona virus has so far affected education and research in sport. The aim of this study was to investigating the effects of Covod-19 outbreak on Educational and research processes in sports. The present study is an applied research in terms of nature and from the aspect of data analysis method is descriptive-exploratory that data collection was done in the field. The statistical population included an unlimited number of all sports directors, sports teachers and professors, sports coaches, sports producers, sports service providers, sports referees, athletes, sports equipment sellers and sports media activists in Iran, and 600 samples answered a questionnaire of 20 research questions. In order to evaluate the reliability of internal consistency and its stability, Cronbach's alpha index was used in a preliminary study that the alpha value for the whole questionnaire was 0.972. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of SPSS and AMOS software. Exploratory factor analysis showed that education and research in sport were affected by COVID-19. This finding can help the relevant institutions and organizations in the country to improve the situation of education and research in sports in the post-Corona era.
Mohammad Bagher Forghani Ozrudi; Ali Yaghobi
Abstract
Background: This study was descriptive, analytic applications that aim to determine of Study of Physical education teachers’ capabilities in Mazandaran University of educators in providing active teaching methods were performed. Method: Two types of questionnaire to collect ...
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Background: This study was descriptive, analytic applications that aim to determine of Study of Physical education teachers’ capabilities in Mazandaran University of educators in providing active teaching methods were performed. Method: Two types of questionnaire to collect data from students and educators, teacher training centers in Mazandaran University were analyzed. Semi-structured interviews were carried out by highly qualified teachers. Moreover, the study also documents, the unit responsible for libraries, educational technology and teacher training institutions in the field of laboratory facilities and the services units were interviewed. In this study, 56 teachers and 207 students were examined. Results: The results of testing hypotheses show that the amount of teaching experience and qualification of teachers and facilities, Educational Technology Center and the amount of library facilities and teacher training institutions selected by the instructors teaching methods and valid relationship is not statistically significant (α>0.05) and the way teachers teach and students to conduct research activities and research interest rate relationship is valid and meaningful. Teaching between teacher and student learning outcomes are valid and statistically significant relationship exists (α≤0.05). Conclusions: Based on instructional objectives and course content and learning conditions to select an appropriate method for teaching and to deepen students' educational media makes maximum use of the facilities.
Sima Jalalifarahani; Bakhtyar Tartibian
Abstract
Purpose: Cell homeostasis is an essential factor in maintaining cellular health and intracellular mechanisms, which can also be associated with inflammatory factors and increased stress for muscle cell health. Calcium is also a necessary factor in cell health and is to establish homeostasis ...
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Purpose: Cell homeostasis is an essential factor in maintaining cellular health and intracellular mechanisms, which can also be associated with inflammatory factors and increased stress for muscle cell health. Calcium is also a necessary factor in cell health and is to establish homeostasis in the body. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-intensity training on serum calcium levels in combat women. Method: For this purpose, 18 women karateka in the age range of 17 to 23 years were randomly divided into 2 groups: control (n=7) and exercise ((n=11). The exercise group performed proper exercises to improve karate and aerobic techniques for 6 weeks in the intensities of more than 80% of the maximum heart rate reserve. Physiological indices and blood samples were measured 24 hours before and 48 hours after the training protocol. To measure calcium cell biomarker, the Pars Azmoon calcium kit was used. Research data were analysed by covariance test at the significant level (P≤0.05) using SPSS software version 25. Results: After six weeks of high-intensity training, there was a significant difference in serum calcium levels in the exercise group compared to the control group (P = 0.002). Also, the results within the group showed a significant increase in serum calcium (P = 0.016) in the exercise group compared to baseline conditions. Conclusions: High intensity training seems to increase serum calcium in female athletes, and this can lead to precursors to cellular disorders, muscle damage and increase inflammatory factors and ultimately decrease the performance of female athletes. However, more research is essential in this regard.
Mohammad Saeid Kiani; Milad Paydar
Abstract
Purpose: Leisure time is one of the vital issues in the dynamics of the education process and addressing this issue can untie the knots and the key to solving its problems and finally a strategy for planning to fill the leisure time of prisoners in a desirable and appropriate way The present ...
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Purpose: Leisure time is one of the vital issues in the dynamics of the education process and addressing this issue can untie the knots and the key to solving its problems and finally a strategy for planning to fill the leisure time of prisoners in a desirable and appropriate way The present study investigates the relationship between the status of sports in the leisure time of prisoners and its effect on the rate of prisoners' sleep. Method: The research method of this article is a library review. The researcher has reviewed the previous articles in the field of leisure and prison and searched for the keywords of leisure, prison, violence and sports. Results: Sport has an effect on prisoners, and sport has a positive effect on the well-being of prisoners’ and the prison community. Prisoners who exercise have low levels of depression, stress, anxiety and violence among other prisoners, and exercise is a strategic way to deal with imprisonment. Exercise can reduce violence in prisoners' leisure time. Conclusions: Prison has been one of the most important and long-standing parts of human societies in the world. Today, the approach of human societies to prisons and prisoners has changed and reform, rehabilitation and reconstruction have become the priorities of the managers of this sector. Exercise with its educational role by creating a happy atmosphere helps the physical and mental development of prisoners. Filling the prisoners' leisure time with exercise can be useful in preventing and treating some mental and physical problems of prisoners. Sports in prison according to the findings Research reduces crime and violence in cells.
Mohammad Saeid Kiani; Leila Nazari; Keivan Shabani Moghaddam
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between job interest and economic conditions with the social status of physical education teachers (Case study of Hamadan province). Method: The present study is a descriptive survey and field study. In order to ...
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between job interest and economic conditions with the social status of physical education teachers (Case study of Hamadan province). Method: The present study is a descriptive survey and field study. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. After confirming its validity by experts, the reliability was confirmed with the participation of 11 university professors, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.87. The research population consisted of 800 physical education teachers in Hamadan province. The statistical sample was estimated to be 367 people using Morgan table and finally 235 questionnaires were returned and examined. Research data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the mean of job interest components and economic factor in the sample with the average of the population. Conclusions: In other words, the interest of teachers is higher than average, and the economic factor and receiving high benefits have not led to the choice of teaching job.
Bita Arabnarmi
Abstract
Purpose: Analysis current goals at the gyms would answer some of the questions about the (un)continuation of physical activity (PA) and point out factors that have less attention in care and health program. This article examines women's exercise space in order to answer an important question: ...
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Purpose: Analysis current goals at the gyms would answer some of the questions about the (un)continuation of physical activity (PA) and point out factors that have less attention in care and health program. This article examines women's exercise space in order to answer an important question: ‘Why most women have problems with regular PA and cannot permanently benefit from a long-term regular exercise program?’ This was a qualitative study. Method: Data collection was carried out through attendance at women's gyms and registration of symbols and symptoms and analyzed by thematic analysis (Broun & Clark, 2006). Results: Results showed that there were two main themes for women to participate in the PA which can be defined in terms of goals. Objectives called fear of obesity and overweight; and the goals of trying to be healthy and health management. However, the categories related to these two theme overlap but they are different in nature and make fundamental changes in women’s PA performance. By examining the persistence of women's participation in PA this hypothesis is raised; i.e., women’s long-term goals and regular attendance in PA is related to goals created by the health management goals and personal responsibility about their own health behaviors while irregular attendance activity is related to priorities and goals created by the fear of obesity atmosphere. Conclusions: The preliminary evidence of the presence of women in the practice confirms this claim but additional studies are needed to confirm this.
Zeinab Mondalizadeh; Esfandiyar Khosravizadeh
Abstract
Purpose: Today, sport is considered as an industry and sports as a science discipline recognized in the world, requires effective cooperation with industry. The development of sports is accompanied by the development of science, which doubles the need for appropriateness and attention ...
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Purpose: Today, sport is considered as an industry and sports as a science discipline recognized in the world, requires effective cooperation with industry. The development of sports is accompanied by the development of science, which doubles the need for appropriateness and attention to the field of science to develop entrepreneurship in the university and the relationship with industry. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to design an entrepreneurial curriculum model with an emphasis on the relationship between industry and academia in the sports science. Method: The research approach was qualitative and used a grounded theory methodology and in-depth interviews were used for this purpose. Participants included students and professors of sports sciences at public universities, who were considered as 23 according to the purposeful sampling. Results: The results showed that the university structure, communication with industrial institutions and centers, training of university manpower are effective in developing the entrepreneurial curriculum model and the development of learning in the real world. As a result, to strengthen the curriculum, the need to pay attention to cooperation between institutions and gain experience through internships and contracts between universities and the participation of other disciplines as well as industrial centers can strengthen knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Conclusions: It seems that the increasing practicality of educational programs and their close relationship with the sports industry and related organizations can affect sports entrepreneurship in society.
Sara Haseli Mofrad; Maryam Mokhtari Dinani; Abbas Rezaei Pandari
Abstract
Background: Despite significant advances in the design of performance appraisal frameworks and systems in recent years, many organizations still rely on traditional metrics. Purpose: The present study aimed to measure the relative efficiency of physical education departments in Tehran ...
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Background: Despite significant advances in the design of performance appraisal frameworks and systems in recent years, many organizations still rely on traditional metrics. Purpose: The present study aimed to measure the relative efficiency of physical education departments in Tehran through a data envelopment analysis approach. Method: In this research, in addition to identifying and determining the input and output indices of regions, an appropriate model of data envelopment analysis was presented to evaluate their performance, as well as ranking efficient and inefficient regions and units and providing solutions to improve inefficient regions. Input indicators of this study were the ratio of student to physical education teacher, the budget of physical education department, the number and surface area of sports halls at the disposal of the department, and output indicators included the number of sports competitions held by the department, provincial and national trophies won in competitions as well as national and international athlete students of each region. Finally, DEA method was used to design a performance assessment model for physical education departments in different regions. After designing the research model and collecting the data, BCC, CCR and Anderson-Peterson output- and input-oriented models were analyzed using DEA-SOLVER LV software. Results: The results of data analysis showed that 11 out of 19 regions under study in 2017 were efficient and 8 were inefficient. Conclusion: It is necessary that the degree of changes needed to make efficient the inefficient units be determined by modeling the efficient departments.
simin Riahy
Abstract
Background: Skin is the most important organ of the body and maintains its integrity is critical in good health. Severe skin damage is life-threatening and repairing restores its tissue integrity and delay in it endanger health. According to the importance of wound healing and the fact that not treated ...
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Background: Skin is the most important organ of the body and maintains its integrity is critical in good health. Severe skin damage is life-threatening and repairing restores its tissue integrity and delay in it endanger health. According to the importance of wound healing and the fact that not treated wounds may decrease quality of life, many studies have investigated the effect of some natural and chemical substances on the length and quality of wound healing to find out beneficial interventions that rapidly and economically treat it.This review aimed to describe the physiology of cutaneous wound healing and some negative and positive factor with a focus on exercise.Methods: An electronic search without any time limitation was performed on PubMed, Google scholar, and web of science databases to find published articles in English. The keywords were wound healing, exercise, and physiology. According to relation to the subject, similarities, and differences 48 articles were selected and reviewed.Results: wound healing is a complicated physiology process that consists of four consecutive overlapping stages. disruption in each stage disturbs wound healing. Many chemical and herbal compounds are used to speed up wound recovery due to their anti-inflammatory property. Exercise is one of the effective factors in wound healing and many studies evaluated the effect of the different protocols of exercise on it. The results of studies show that aerobic exercise due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effect is a beneficial method in shortening the length of wound healing, especially in aged, fat, and diabetic individuals. Conclusions: Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise as complementary medicine is a good intervention in the treatment of impaired and chronic wounds
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